Language and Linguistics

LANUAGE DISCIPLINES : A DIVISION OF THE FIELD

ASHOK R. KELKAR

The following scheme is intended for the use of library, classified bibliographies, information storage and retrieval systems, and the like.

Each index number identifying a given book, paper, piece of information stored, etc. will be composed of three marks:

I The Subfieldwise Division marker e.g. 23 for General Phonetics, 8-E for Dravidian

II Traditionwise Division marker e.g. Ba for Neogrammarian

III Subdivision marker under subfield for a language or language family e.g. 8 for Dictionaries

A list of the broad divisions and their markers under each of the three heads above follows.

I. Subfields Divisions

(For clarification some specimen entries are mentioned in parentheses.)

1. GENERALIA:

11. Bibliography, listings of discs, tapes, films, etc.; collections of abstracts

12. Encyclopedias, terminology and symbols in language study, atlas, language indexes, census

13. History of Language Disciplines

131 Surveys

132 Critical Studies

(G. L. Bursill-Hall, The linguistic theories of J. R. Firth; C. F. Hockett, Sound change, Language 1965)

133 Biographies, obituaries

(Thomas A. Sebeok, Portraits of Linguists)

134 Directories, organization

14. Miscellaneous Collections

141 Dedicated volumes, reading study

142 Proceedings of Conferences, Seminars etc.

143 Periodicals and other serials (transactions of societies, yearbooks, etc.)

2. GENERAL LINGUISTICS :

21 Language and the field of language study

(W. S. Allen, On the Linguistic Study of Languages)

22 Surveys of and introductions to the field.

23 General Phonetics

231 Aticulatory Phonetics

232 Acoustic Phonetics

233 Auditory Phonetics

(Harlan Lane, The Motor theory of speech perception, Psychological review 1965)

24 General Semiotics especially of language

(Colin Cherry, On Human communications; G. A. Miller, the Psychology of Communication; Charles W. Morris, Signs, language and behaviour; Sapir-Whorf hypothesis; Semiology)

3. ANALYTIC LINGUISTICS:

31 Linguistic Analysis; analytic methods

32 Phonology, paraphonology, morphology

321 Segments and features

322 Prosodic features and paraphonology

323 Generative phonology, prosodic phonology, morphonology

33 Grammar

331 General

332 Word-grammar; Syntax

333 Sentence-grammar; Syntax

334 Discourse-grammar

34 Lexis and Word-semantics

35 Sentence-Semantics

36 Graphomony

361 Script

362 Orthography, punctuation

37 Onomastics : place-names, personal-names, ethnic-names, etc.

38 Theory of Language Use

381 Diatypy: Register, Style

382 Performance, Communication, Speech act

383 Deviant performance, error analysis

4. HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS:

41 Surveys of the field; methodology

42 Linguistic Ontogeny

43 Language change, divergence, convergence

44 Diatopy : geographical and social dialects; language areas and language networks

45 Paleography; script decipherment

5. CORRELATIVE LINGUISTICS:

51 Survey of the field; contrastive and other methods

52 Language universals

53 Language typology

6. LINGUSTIC METHODOLOGY:

61 Field procedures; demography, language survey, and archiving

62 Laboratory procedures

63 The use of documents, philological and epigraphic methods

64 Lexicography, historical lexicography, etymology

65 Concordance, historical lexicography, etymology

66 Workbooks in linguistic methods

7. PERILINGUISTIC STUDIES:

71 Language behaviour

711 Biology; Ethnology, Neurology

712 Psychology; psycholinguistics

7121 Language skills and use

7122 Language personally, and nonlinguistic behaviour

7123 Language attitudes

713 Child language: its biology, psychology, sociology, ethnology

714 Language Pathology

715 Bilingualism; pidgin and Creole, diglossia

716 Reading and Writing

717 Origin of Language

718 Sociology and Ethnology of Language; sociolinguistics; ethnolinguistics; social psychology of language

7181 Language use

7182 Language change

7183 Language related customs and role; language covariation

7184 Language groups and other groups

719 Culture-history and culture-geography of language; linguistic evidence for nonlingustic culture

(Joseph Greenberg, The Measurement Linguistic diversity, Language 1956; Trevor Hill, Institutional Linguistic, Orbis 1958; Harold Goad, Language in history, Pelican Books; A. C. Woolner, Language in history and politics)

72 Language Form

720 Language and logic; formal linguistic; mathematical linguistic; computer-simulation of language

721 Language statistics and cybernetics

722 Philosophy and language

73 The Study of Texts

731 Philosophy and epigraphy

732 Stylistics

733 Versification

734 Language of Science

735 Content analysis, hermeneutics

74 The Language Arts

741 Rhetoric

742 Speech and Dramatics

743 Translation

744 Machine Translation

75 Language Technology

76 Language and Education

761Language in education as medium and as content subject; teaching of linguistic and other language disciplines

762 Second language learning, teaching, testing arts

76221 Learning

76222 Conditions of teaching (e.g. age of learner)

76223 Aids to teaching (including Audial & Visual Aids)

76224 Methods

76225 Testing and Follow-up

77 Language Policy, Language Planning, Language Codification

78 Communication outside natural languages

781 Artificial language

782 Body languages (Kinesics of gestures, postures), paralanguage,

Para-writing

783 Animal Communication (Zoosemiotics)

8. LANGUAGES OF THE WORLD :

81 World Survey

82 Area Surveys

83 Interfamily and interarea relations and affinities

84 Writing systems of the world

85 International artificial languages (Esperanto, etc.)

86 Contact languages (Pidgin, Creole)

8-A Indo-European Family

8-A1 Anatolian

8-A2 Indo-Iranian (including Dardic but excluding Gypsy)

8-A3 Gypsy

8-A4 Hellenic

8-A5 Italic

8-A6 Celtic

8-A7 Balto-Slavic

8-A8 Others : Tokharian, American, Albanian, etc.

8-B Afro-Asiatic family

8-B1 Semitic

8-B2 Egyptian-Coptic

8-B3 Hamitic

8-B4 Cushitic

8-C Sino-Tibetan Family

8-C1 Sinic
8-C2 Tibeto-Burman

8-C3 Miyao

8-C4 Daic (Thai, Kadai)

8-D Austric Family

8-D1 Austro-Asiatic

8-D2 Malayo-Polynesian

8-E Dravidian Family

8-P Languages of the Ancient Mediterranean and South-West Asia (including Etrusacan, Indus Valley etc.)

8-Q Other Eurasian Languages

8-Q1 Caucasian

8-Q2 Ural-Altaic Family

8-Q3 Palaeo-Siberian

8-Q4 Korean, Japanese, Ainu

8-Q5 Others (including Basque, Burushaski, Anadaman)

8-R Other Pacific Area Languages

8-R1 Australian

8-R2 Papuan

8-R4 Melanesian

8-S Languages of Negro Africa

8-T Languages of Indian America

II Traditionwise Divisions

A Contemporary

A a American structuralist (Boas, Sapir, Bloomfield, Trager, Harris, Hockett, Chafe, Bolinger)

A b Geneva (Saussare, Frei)

A c Russian Structuralist (Courtenay, Vinagradov, Polivanov, Scherba,

Elizarenkova)

A d Prague (Trubetzkoy, Jakobson, Martinet, Vacek, Garvin, Karcevski)

A e Glossematic (Hjelmselv, Uldall, Togeby)

A f London (Fifth, Halliday; Bazell, Mtthews)

A g Tagmemic (Pike, Longacre)

A h Trasnformational-Generative (Chomsky, Postal, Fillmore, Ross, McCawley, Lakoff, Bierwisch, Ruwet)

A i Stratificational (Lamb, Reich)

A j Applicational-Gerentive (Shaymyan)

A k Sociolinguistic orientation (Labov)

A l German (Harmann)

B Modern

B a Neogrammarian (Brugmann, etc.; Meillet etc.; Whitney etc.)

B b Neolinguistica (Bartoli)

B c Russian and East European (pre-structuralist)

B d South Asian (pre-structrualist)

B e Paradign and Use (also its restatements by Robbins, Hatcher,

Mathews)

B f Pre-Structuralist (Swee, Jespersen)

C Mediveal and Early Modern in Europe

D Classical European

D a Greek

D b Latin

E Ancient and Medieval Indian

E a Pre-an co-Paninian

E b Latin

E c Post-Paninian (eg. Grammarians of Prakrit, Malayalam, Telugu, Kannada)

E d Tamil (Toliappiyam, Nannul)

F Arabic and Derivative

G Chinese and Derivative

III Sub-divisions under a language or a language family or a language area (under 85,

86, 8-A to 8-E, 8-P to 8-T)

1 Aids to study

2 General Works

3 Analytic Studies

31 Phonology, Paraphonology, morphoponology

32 Grammar

33 Lexis and Word-Semantics; Usage manuals

4 Historical and comparative study

5 Dialectology

6 Writing system

7 Practical manuals

8 Dictionaries

9 Texts, readers, anthologies

USEFUL LISTINGS

SUBJECTS IN SEARCH OF AN AUTHOR

The grandiloquent style in Punjabi and in urdu : description, account of rise and decline, socio-cultural meaning, motivation, and acceptance in the case of each.

A linguistic survey of the Nilgiris and the surroundings area.

A description of Brahman Tamil and of Literary Tamil prior to the contemporary Tamil revival (before the evidence disappears).

Baby talk in a Dravidian or a Munda language.

The meaning of tenses and aspects in any of the Indian languages.

A sociolinguistic study of small talk.

Reconstruction and subgrouping in New Indo-Aryan.

Structural sketches of the scripts of India (especially the lesser-known scripts).

Constraints on the order of prebases in Sanskrit verbs and nominals (thus, prati precedes and never follows ā).

FROM THE SOCIETY’S OFFICE

The Fifth All-India Conference of Linguistics will be held on Monday-Tuesday 30-31 December 1974 at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi under the joint auspices of the University and the Linguistic Society of India.

Papers are invited on various areas in the field and in particular for the Symposia on: 1 teaching of a second/foreign language in a multilingual community. 2 Discourse structure. Send abstracts by 31 October 1974 and the papers in full by 30 November 1974.

For further enquires please contact :

Dr. C. J. DASWANI,

Conference Secretary,

School of Languages,

Jawaharlal Nehru University,

NEW DELHI 110 057.